5G thiab Network Slicing
Thaum 5G raug hais txog dav dav, Network Slicing yog thev naus laus zis uas tau tham txog ntau tshaj plaws ntawm lawv. Cov neeg ua haujlwm network xws li KT, SK Telecom, China Mobile, DT, KDDI, NTT, thiab cov neeg muag khoom siv xws li Ericsson, Nokia, thiab Huawei txhua tus ntseeg tias Network Slicing yog lub network architecture zoo tagnrho rau lub sijhawm 5G.
Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab no tso cai rau cov neeg teb xov tooj faib ntau lub network virtual end-to-end hauv cov khoom siv kho vajtse, thiab txhua Network Slice raug cais tawm ntawm lub cuab yeej, access network, transport network thiab core network kom tau raws li cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm ntau hom kev pabcuam.
Rau txhua daim Network Slice, cov peev txheej tshwj xeeb xws li cov servers virtual, network bandwidth, thiab qhov zoo ntawm kev pabcuam tau lees paub tag nrho. Vim tias cov slices raug cais tawm ntawm ib leeg, qhov yuam kev lossis kev ua tsis tiav hauv ib daim yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm lwm daim slices.
Vim li cas 5G thiaj xav tau Network Slicing?
Txij thaum ub los txog rau tam sim no 4G network, cov mobile networks feem ntau yog siv rau cov xov tooj ntawm tes, thiab feem ntau tsuas yog ua qee qhov kev kho kom zoo rau cov xov tooj ntawm tes. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv lub caij 5G, cov mobile networks yuav tsum tau siv rau cov khoom siv ntawm ntau hom thiab cov kev xav tau. Ntau yam ntawm cov xwm txheej thov tau hais suav nrog mobile broadband, large-scale iot, thiab mission-critical iot. Lawv txhua tus xav tau ntau hom networks thiab muaj cov kev xav tau sib txawv hauv kev txav mus los, kev suav nyiaj, kev ruaj ntseg, kev tswj hwm txoj cai, latency, kev ntseeg siab thiab lwm yam.
Piv txwv li, ib qho kev pabcuam iot loj txuas cov sensors ruaj khov los ntsuas qhov kub thiab txias, av noo, nag los, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau muab tes haujlwm, hloov kho qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam ntxwv ntawm cov xov tooj tseem ceeb hauv lub network mobile. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev pabcuam iot tseem ceeb xws li kev tsav tsheb tsis siv neeg thiab kev tswj hwm chaw taws teeb ntawm cov neeg hlau xav tau qhov kawg-rau-kawg latency ntawm ob peb milliseconds, uas txawv ntawm cov kev pabcuam mobile broadband.
Cov Xwm Txheej Tseem Ceeb ntawm Daim Ntawv Thov 5G
Qhov no puas txhais tau tias peb xav tau ib lub network tshwj xeeb rau txhua qhov kev pabcuam? Piv txwv li, ib qho ua haujlwm rau 5G xov tooj ntawm tes, ib qho ua haujlwm rau 5G massive iot, thiab ib qho ua haujlwm rau 5G mission critical iot. Peb tsis tas yuav ua li ntawd, vim peb tuaj yeem siv network slicing los faib ntau lub logical networks los ntawm ib lub physical network sib cais, uas yog ib txoj hauv kev pheej yig heev!
Cov Kev Cai rau Daim Ntawv Thov rau Network Slicing
Daim ntawv qhia txog 5G network uas tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv dawb 5G uas NGMN tau tshaj tawm yog qhia hauv qab no:
Peb yuav ua li cas thiaj siv tau qhov kawg ntawm Network Slicing?
(1) 5G wireless nkag mus rau hauv network thiab core network: NFV
Hauv lub network mobile niaj hnub no, lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb yog lub xov tooj ntawm tes. RAN (DU thiab RU) thiab cov haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv network tshwj xeeb uas muab los ntawm RAN cov neeg muag khoom. Txhawm rau siv network slicing, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej. Yeej, lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm NFV yog xa cov software network function (piv txwv li MME, S/P-GW thiab PCRF hauv lub pob ntawv tseem ceeb thiab DU hauv RAN) tag nrho hauv cov tshuab virtual ntawm cov servers lag luam es tsis yog sib cais hauv lawv cov khoom siv network tshwj xeeb. Ua li no, RAN raug kho raws li ntug huab, thaum lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb raug kho raws li lub huab tseem ceeb. Kev sib txuas ntawm VMS nyob ntawm ntug thiab hauv lub huab tseem ceeb yog teeb tsa siv SDN. Tom qab ntawd, ib daim yog tsim rau txhua qhov kev pabcuam (piv txwv li daim xov tooj, daim iot loj heev, daim iot tseem ceeb, thiab lwm yam).
Yuav ua li cas siv ib qho ntawm Network Slicing (I)?
Daim duab hauv qab no qhia txog yuav ua li cas txhua daim ntawv thov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ua virtualized thiab ntsia rau hauv txhua daim. Piv txwv li, kev txiav tuaj yeem teeb tsa raws li hauv qab no:
(1) UHD slicing: virtualizing DU, 5G core (UP) thiab cache servers hauv ntug huab, thiab virtualizing 5G core (CP) thiab MVO servers hauv core huab
(2) Kev txiav xov tooj: virtualizing 5G cores (UP thiab CP) thiab IMS servers nrog cov peev xwm txav mus los tag nrho hauv cov huab tseem ceeb
(3) Kev faib cov iot loj (piv txwv li, cov tes hauj lwm sensor): Kev ua kom lub core 5G yooj yim thiab sib dua hauv cov huab tseem ceeb tsis muaj peev xwm tswj kev txav mus los
(4) Kev faib cov iot uas tseem ceeb heev: Virtualizing 5G cores (UP) thiab cov servers cuam tshuam (piv txwv li, V2X servers) hauv ntug huab kom txo qis qhov latency ntawm kev xa xov
Txog tam sim no, peb tau xav tau tsim cov ntu tshwj xeeb rau cov kev pabcuam nrog cov kev xav tau sib txawv. Thiab cov haujlwm virtual network tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sib txawv hauv txhua ntu (piv txwv li, ntug huab lossis huab tseem ceeb) raws li cov yam ntxwv kev pabcuam sib txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov haujlwm network, xws li kev them nqi, kev tswj hwm txoj cai, thiab lwm yam, tej zaum yuav tsim nyog rau qee ntu, tab sis tsis yog rau lwm tus. Cov neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem hloov kho network slicing raws li lawv xav tau, thiab tej zaum yog txoj hauv kev pheej yig tshaj plaws.
Yuav ua li cas siv ib qho ntawm Network Slicing (I)?
(2) Kev faib cov network ntawm ntug thiab cov huab tseem ceeb: IP/MPLS-SDN
Kev siv software txhais networking, txawm hais tias nws yog ib lub tswv yim yooj yim thaum nws thawj zaug tau qhia, tab sis nws tab tom ua rau nyuaj zuj zus. Piv txwv li, siv Overlay, SDN thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem muab kev sib txuas network ntawm cov tshuab virtual ntawm cov khoom siv network uas twb muaj lawm.
Kev Txiav Txim Siab Txog Kev Sib Txuas Lus Hauv Network
Ua ntej, peb saib seb yuav ua li cas kom ntseeg tau tias kev sib txuas ntawm lub network ntawm ntug huab thiab lub tshuab virtual huab tseem ceeb muaj kev nyab xeeb. Lub network ntawm cov tshuab virtual yuav tsum tau siv raws li IP / MPLS-SDN thiab Transport SDN. Hauv tsab ntawv no, peb tsom mus rau IP / MPLS-SDN muab los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom router. Ericsson thiab Juniper ob leeg muab cov khoom siv network architecture IP / MPLS SDN. Cov haujlwm sib txawv me ntsis, tab sis kev sib txuas ntawm SDN-based VMS zoo sib xws heev.
Hauv cov huab tseem ceeb yog cov servers virtualized. Hauv hypervisor ntawm lub server, khiav lub vRouter/vSwitch uas ua tiav lawm. Lub SDN maub los muab qhov kev teeb tsa tunnel ntawm lub virtualized server thiab DC G/W router (lub PE router uas tsim MPLS L3 VPN hauv lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv huab). Tsim SDN tunnels (piv txwv li MPLS GRE lossis VXLAN) ntawm txhua lub tshuab virtual (piv txwv li 5G IoT core) thiab DC G/W routers hauv cov huab tseem ceeb.
Tus maub los SDN ces tswj hwm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov tunnels no thiab MPLS L3 VPN, xws li IoT VPN. Cov txheej txheem zoo ib yam li hauv ntug huab, tsim ib daim iot txuas los ntawm ntug huab mus rau IP/MPLS backbone thiab txhua txoj kev mus rau lub hauv paus huab. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv tau raws li cov thev naus laus zis thiab cov qauv uas paub tab thiab muaj txog tam sim no.
(3) Kev faib cov network ntawm ntug thiab cov huab tseem ceeb: IP/MPLS-SDN
Tam sim no tseem tshuav yog lub network mobile fronthawall. Peb yuav txiav lub network mobile fronthold no li cas ntawm ntug huab thiab 5G RU? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, 5G front-haul network yuav tsum tau txhais ua ntej. Muaj qee qhov kev xaiv nyob rau hauv kev sib tham (piv txwv li, qhia txog lub network tshiab raws li pob ntawv los ntawm kev txhais dua qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm DU thiab RU), tab sis tsis tau muaj kev txhais tus qauv. Daim duab hauv qab no yog daim duab qhia hauv ITU IMT 2020 pawg ua haujlwm thiab muab piv txwv ntawm lub network virtualized fronhaul.
Piv txwv ntawm 5G C-RAN Network Slicing los ntawm ITU Organization
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ob Hlis-02-2024
